Toyota 16471-23030 Cap Sub-Assy, Reserve Tank

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To begin with, to drain the cooling system, you can remove the expansion tank and radiator cap, letting the coolant drain. If the coolant is clean, it can be reused. Also, remove the thermostat and flush the engine until you see clean water. When refilling, secure all hoses and clips. You can use an antifreeze mixture and fill the system. If overheating occurs, squeeze the coolant hoses to release air. Check the radiator top hose for heat and release trapped air. Replace the pressure cap if damaged.

To flush the cooling system, start by flushing the radiator independently from the engine. Disconnect the hoses from the radiator and insert a garden hose into the top inlet. Flush with clean water until it runs clear. If necessary, use a cleaning agent or reverse-flush the radiator. To flush the engine, remove the thermostat and insert a garden hose into the top hose. Flush until clean water emerges from the bottom hose. Refit the thermostat and reconnect the hoses.