Toyota 13101-42080-00 Piston Sub-Assy, W/Pin

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Prior to being able to go through an inspection process the piston/connecting rod assemblies should be scrupulously cleaned and the original piston rings taken off the pistons, in conjunction with having new piston rings used when re-assembling the engine. When removing a piston ring the use of a piston ring installation tool is recommended as this will help to avoid causing scratches with on the pistons. It has to be scrupulously scraped away with a hand-held wire brush or fine emery cloth from the top face of the piston because using a wire brush clamped in a drill motor would probably burn a hole in the soft material. Carbon deposits in those ring grooves may be cleaned using a piston ring groove cleaning tool or a piece of the broken old ring meanwhile the grooves should not be damaged. Again, after the removal of deposits the piston/rod assembly must be cleaned with solvent and dried with compressed air with the understanding that oil return holes must be clear. This was, in large part, because if the pistons and cylinder walls are not overly worn, and if the engine block was not rebored, new pistons could be a non sequitur save for new piston rings which ought to always be fitted during a rebuild operation. All the pistons should look for cracks, scoring, scuffing, holes and burned areas because they often showed signs of over heating or abnormal combustion and this part should lead checking on the cooling and lubrication system. Steady pitting denotes leakages of coolant and this aspect must be looked into in order to avoid its replication. Side clearance of piston rings must be gauged with the help of a feeler gauge and piston-bore clearance should be checked by measuring the bore and piston diameter and should properly be matched, if clearance is beyond the specifications then reboring will be needed along with new pistons and rings. This should be checked in various points of each groove using the correct ring for each groove and a noticeable play in the piston-to-rod clearance means that it has to be machined, which could mean resizing the piston and altogether coming up with new pins at the automotive machine shops. Pistons have to be removed from the connecting rods too; they should also be checked for bend and twist at the machine shops, while the rods should be checked for signs of cracks and damages before new bearing inserts are put in the caps which have to be tightened just enough with the fingers if the rebuild is as a result of connecting rod knock; new rods have to be put in if the rebuild is the one.

After the cylinder ridges have been removed, turn the engine upside-down so the crankshaft is facing up.

Rotate the crankshaft several times by hand to check for any obvious binding and check the connecting rod endplay.